Understanding Anaphylaxis: Symptoms, Risks, and Prevention

Anaphylaxis is an allergy emergency that requires immediate attention because it can be life-threatening. In children, the most common cause of anaphylaxis is a food allergy.

Symptoms include hives or swelling on the skin, accompanied by digestive problems, shortness of breath, or low blood pressure. In some cases, low blood pressure can occur immediately after exposure to a known or suspected allergen.

Anaphylaxis can progress rapidly and can be fatal if not treated promptly. Therefore, understanding the early signs and emergency treatment is crucial.

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According to the IDAI Media Seminar "Food Allergies in Children: How to Recognize and Treat Them," presented by Endah Citraresmi from Harapan Kita Hospital, prevention can include identifying triggering allergens early, avoiding exposure, and preparing first aid measures.

Anaphylaxis generally begins with skin symptoms such as hives or itching. Within minutes, symptoms can progress to more severe symptoms, such as swelling of the throat, lips, and tongue, and even shortness of breath.

In severe cases, sufferers can experience anaphylactic shock due to a drastic drop in blood pressure. Bronchial tissue can also swell, causing wheezing, shortness of breath, and even loss of consciousness.

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Anaphylactic shock requires immediate medical attention. The patient must be taken to a healthcare facility for further treatment by medical personnel.

If left untreated, anaphylaxis can be fatal. Therefore, vigilance and prompt access to medical care are key to saving the patient's life.