In 1977 it was a magnificent year, a spectacular year because seen in perspective it is surprising how many things coincided that year; Stephen Hawking was 35 years old and in that year he was promoted to professor of gravitational physics at the University of Cambridge, in fact, in the previous three years was when he published his main theories about black holes, on May 5 Star Wars was released and on August 15, 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman detected that radio signal, an intense and anomalous radio signal at the Big Ear radio telescope in Ohio, United States and named it Wow!, as a exclamation, due to their strength and characteristics they were to exclaim.
There is also the controversial Arecibo message of 1974, the Arecibo message is considered the first message with enough power to be captured by radio telescopes from another planet, normal television and radio signals do not reach very far, because radio and television signals lose intensity with distance, they are not powerful to reach the cosmos, they are made so that they reach your television.
The signals sent by spacecraft like Voyager, those we send from Earth, Voyager, could also be detected, since they can reach a little further, several light years, but they are more difficult to detect, the Arecibo message was a pulse structured with information, numbers, DNA, etc.; Voyager's signals are technical commands, binary data for maneuvers or data collection, they are weaker signals and less recognizable as artificial.
But what if we are the ones who receive a sign? And here we come to the question of the Wow! signal. and 3I/Atlas, this signal was an intense and narrow radio emission, detected on August 15, 1977 by the Big Ear telescope at Ohio State University, it was a frequency close to the neutral hydrogen line, 1420 MHz, it lasted only 72 seconds, it was never repeated and its origin remains a mystery, it was 1977, the detail is very important.
The signal was not recorded or recorded digitally, we only have paper, a code on paper, what does this signal have to do with three and Atlas? arises from a speculative hypothesis proposed in September by astrophysicist Abraham Loeb, that, according to his calculations, the Wow! signal It came from the same place where 3I/Atlas was supposed to be found on August 12, 1977, 3 days before the signal was detected. 3I/Atlas was at that time about 600 astronomical units, an astronomical unit is the distance that separates the Earth from the Sun and is approximately 150 million kilometers.
According to Abraham Loeb's calculations, the probability that two random directions in the sky coincide so closely is only 0.6% and this means that the topic must be studied, that it is an intriguing coincidence and that it is worth studying and analyzing it.
Let's break this down, first, 600 astronomical units, that's within the solar system. But what is there at that distance? Nothing. There is nothing. There is a void, it is a no man's land, between the Kuiper belt, which is between 30 astronomical units and 50 astronomical units, then we have the dispersed disk that reaches up to a few hundred astronomical units, which is a fairly empty area, by the way, and then there is a very empty area, even more so.
It is an enormous void up to the Oort cloud, which is the great region of comets and would begin at around 2,000 astronomical units, which is why the region of 600 astronomical units is a void, this detail is important for the last hypothesis that we are going to try to analyze. We know that that region is empty, but from time to time something happens, an object that does not stay, there is some Transnetunian object that has an orbit that passes through there, but is not in that place permanently, and of course, the comets that come from the Oort cloud pass through there.
Second point, could it have been of natural origin? Yes, in fact, currently the most widespread theory to explain the Wow! signal. is that it was originated by possibly two comets 266P/Christensen and 335P/Gibbs, because comets can also emit radio signals naturally, by the way, the second was discovered in 2008, but its position was tracked and coincided in 1977 with the position of the origin of the Wow! signal.
Radio signals are not an artificial invention, we humans did not invent them, they are produced in nature by numerous phenomena, but each phenomenon produces a characteristic signal and this is important, for example, comets can emit at 1420 MHz due to the hydrogen released by the sublimation of their ice and the Wow! signal. It was an intense emission at the neutral hydrogen line frequency of 1420 MHz.
But suppose that it was not those comets, that it was 3I/Atlas and we admit that 3I/Atlas is of natural origin, a comet, then 3I/Atlas could emit the signal Wow! In that context of a natural source, no, because 600 astronomical units is an enormous distance, in that region it is very cold, solar heat does not reach even by recommendation, the comets that are at that distance are not active, we would see them only a block of ice, nothing more. The only way it was a natural emission from 3I/Atlas is if its strange chemistry would have caused a phenomenon that we cannot now explain, but it would be even rarer and more anomalous.
Furthermore, the phenomenon should have been repeated, something that did not happen, nor does it happen now, since now all the available instruments are pointing towards it, so no natural signal on the part of 3I/Atlas.
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