What Are Current Transformers?

A Current Transformer Integrated Circuit is a semiconductor-based current sensing device that integrates the main functions of a traditional current transformer. It senses the magnetic field generated by current flowing through a conductor and converts it into a proportional voltage or current signal for further processing by subsequent circuits. Compared to traditional current transformers, CT ICs are smaller, highly integrated, and consume less power, making them well-suited for embedded and intelligent device current measurement needs.

The core operating principle of CT ICs is based on magnetic induction effects, primarily utilizing two common technologies:

· Hall Effect CT ICs: When current passes through a conductor, it generates a magnetic field proportional to the current magnitude. The integrated Hall sensor detects this magnetic field and produces a voltage signal. After amplification and filtering through signal conditioning circuits, the output is a voltage or current signal proportional to the original current.

· Magnetoresistive CT ICs: These rely on magnetoresistive materials whose resistance changes in response to external magnetic fields, indirectly reflecting variations in the conductor's current.

Regardless of the technology used, CT ICs safely and accurately convert high current signals into low-level electrical signals, facilitating subsequent digital processing and monitoring.

Get more details: What Are Current Transformers?