Basic Knowledge in Agriculture #41

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Discuss on the Topic Animal Husbandry.

The science of animal husbandry deals with the management, breeding and the care of domestic animals, that is cattle, goat, sheep, bird and pig. It is a very important source of food products such as meat as well as milk, eggs among others and also sources of wool and leather. Best animal husbandry practices are provision of good feeding, opportunities, health care and breeding practices to make the animal highly productive and free of diseases. It also plays a major role in sustaining livelihoods, employment and the whole economy in general more so in developing nations.

Due to increasing consumption of animal products, animal husbandry needs to be sustainable to ensure that productivity is proportionate to animal welfare. Inventions like artificial insemination and veterinary establishments have enhanced the productivity and the results of livestock farming activities across the globe.

Discuss the Types of Animal Husbandry you know

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There are a number of different types of animal husbandry that are determined by the type of animals that are being reared and their intended use. The prominent ones are:

1. Dairy Farming This is the process of keeping animals such as cows, goats and buffalos with the view of making milk. It gives attention to high milk yield and feeding.

2. Poultry Farming. It is raising the fowl (chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese) to obtain eggs and food meat. It contains a lot of protein.

3. Livestock Farming. This includes farming of cattle, sheep, goats, and it includes pigs and these animals are mostly reared as sources of meat and also wool, hides and use as manual labor.

4. Fish Farming (Aquaculture)Despite not being conventional livestock, in this the fish and other aquatic animal breeding is done to be consumed.

Food security and economic growth are also championed by each type.

Talk about the challenges encountered in Animal

The practice of animal husbandry has a number of problems that influence the productivity and sustainability. Disease outbreak is one of the main problems as this may occur rather quickly and cause the death of numerous animals. There are also problems in relation to the health of animals which are caused by poor access to veterinary services and failure to vaccinate appropriately. Poor nutrition and lack of proper feeding lower the rate of growth and reproduction. Farmers usually face the problem of low access to the quality breeds, modern equipment, and training. Another rising problem is climate change, which has a negative impact on the availability of water as well as on the pasture condition and development of heat stress in animals.

Scarcity and financial limitation together with non-support by the government further hinders improvement. Also, unacceptable housing, bad sanitation are the causes of infections and poor productivity. These challenges are some of the ways through which more can be done to ensure better outcomes on animal husbandry and livelihoods in the country.

Husbandry and the solution to these challenges.

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Animal breeding or animal husbandry is the extension and rearing of livestock kind to use as food so work and other products. And this has been welcomed with several challenges such as disease outbreaks, poor feeding, absence of veterinary care and changes in climate. Farmers should be able to get more veterinary services and frequent veterinary vaccines to lessen these problems.

Awareness could be through training on feeding, hygiene and new methodologies. Subsidies and loans provide by government can assist the small-scale farmers to upgrade their facilities. The productivity should be improved through investments in climate-smart practices and in better breeds of animals. The animal farming can be made highly effective, sustainable, and capable of earning income to communities with intelligent resolutions.

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